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Henry Monckton : ウィキペディア英語版
Henry Monckton

Henry Monckton (13 July 1740 – 28 June 1778) was the fourth son of John Monckton, 1st Viscount Galway and the younger half-brother of the more famous Robert Monckton. During the American Revolutionary War he led a battalion of converged British grenadiers while a lieutenant colonel. He was wounded at Long Island during the New York and New Jersey Campaign in 1776. He led a temporary brigade at Assunpink Creek. In the Philadelphia Campaign of 1777 he led a grenadier battalion at both Brandywine and Germantown. He was killed leading his soldiers at the Battle of Monmouth on 28 June 1778.
==Early career==

Born on 13 July 1740,〔Dodge, ''Monckton''〕 Monckton was the fourth son of John Monckton, 1st Viscount Galway, although the second by his second wife, Jane Westenra of Rathleagh, Queen's County, Ireland. His older half-brother Robert Monckton (1726–1782) became a high ranking general officer in the British army, as later did his nephew, Henry, the son of his brother Edward Monckton, a nabob and Member of Parliament. Monckton's only sister, Mary, was a famous blue-stocking and later presided over an important literary and political salon.〔(University of Nottingham: Biography of John Monckton, 1st Viscount Galway (1695-1751) )〕
Monckton commanded the 45th Foot from 25 July 1771 until 1772.〔Boatner, 711〕 He was wounded at the Battle of Long Island on 22 August 1776〔 while leading the 1st Grenadier Battalion in the army of Sir William Howe with the rank of lieutenant colonel.〔Fischer, 389〕 At time of the Battle of Trenton on 26 December 1776, he served as acting commander of Major General James Robertson's 1st British Brigade at New York City.〔Fischer, 393〕 After the Trenton disaster, he took command of an ''ad hoc'' brigade consisting of William Medows' 1st Grenadier Battalion, his own 2nd Grenadier Battalion, and James Ogilvie's 2nd Guards Battalion.〔Fischer, 410〕 Leading this force, he went to New Jersey with Lord Charles Cornwallis and fought at the Battle of the Assunpink Creek on 2 January 1777.〔Fischer, 292〕 The following day, George Washington outmaneuvered the British and defeated them at the Battle of Princeton. In the aftermath, Cornwallis made a rapid retreat to his base at New Brunswick, New Jersey.〔Fischer, 343〕

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